The universe is constantly expanding, and life itself is driven by growth and reproduction. More so, as human intellect peaks and social complexity reaches new heights, global population growth is slowing; and in many regions, even declining. As a result, fertility
preservation has emerged as a crucial tool, allowing individuals to align their biological potential with modern social realities and personal choices.
Charles Darwin: Understanding ‘Survival of the fittest’ and the Theory of Evolution
Charles Darwin was an English naturalist who developed the theory of evolution by natural selection. In his 1859 book, ‘On the Origin of Species’, he explained that living organisms produce more offspring than can survive, creating a struggle for existence.
The phrase “survival of the fittest” was first used by Herbert Spencer after reading
Darwin’s work. Darwin later adopted the phrase in subsequent editions of his book.
Here, “fittest” does not mean strongest, but those best adapted to their environment. Individuals with favourable traits survive and reproduce more successfully, passing those traits to the next generation. Over time, this process leads to evolution.
Course of Human Population and Doubling Time
Human population growth has changed dramatically over time.
Early history: For thousands of years, the population grew very slowly due to high birth and death rates. It took about 1,500 years for the world population to double from around 300 million (1 AD) to 600 million (around 1650).
Industrial period: With improvements in agriculture, sanitation and medicine, death rates fell. The population doubled much faster – from 1 billion (1804) to 2 billion (1927) in about 123 years.
20th-century population explosion: Growth became even faster. The population doubled from 3 billion (1960) to 6 billion (1999) in just 39 years.
Present Situation
Today, the global population growth is slow. Many countries have low birth rates due to urbanisation, education, women’s empowerment, and access to family planning.
- The global fertility rate is declining.
- Many developed countries have reached a population plateau (stable population).
- Countries like Japan and Germany are experiencing population decline.
Read the full article in the latest issue of Viva Goa Magazine. Pick your copy from the nearest supermarket/bookstore today.
